The Hesperidin complex is a multi-faceted ingredient formulated with different forms of hesperidin — many of which contain naturally-occurring vitamin C. Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside often found in citrus fruits, especially oranges and lemons. Studies have demonstrated hesperidin’s many helpful properties, including its antioxidant components and its ability to support natural defenses that protect DNA from free radical damage. Research also suggests that hesperidin supports biological processes that promote cellular health by protecting the body from agents with the potential to cause cell death.

Hesperidin has high levels of vitamin C, which is an essential vitamin that supports the body’s natural defenses so that it can protect itself from intruders. In addition to acting as a powerful antioxidant, hesperidin promotes clear, glowing skin and complexion, the immune system’s ability to cope with stress, and circulatory and detoxification processes that are important for proper blood flow and heart health. This potent ingredient also support the body’s natural defenses so that it can fight damage from oxidative stress and free radicals.

Studies on Hesperidin:

  1. Shokrzadeh M, Ahmadi A, Ramezaninejhad S, Shadboorestan A. Hesperidin, a citrus bioflavonoid, ameliorates genotoxicity-induced by diazinon in human blood lymphocytes. Drug Res (Stuttg). 2015 Feb;65(2):57-60. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1363998. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
  2. Melchini A, Catania S, Stancanelli R, Tommasini S, Costa C. Interaction of a functionalized complex of the flavonoid hesperetin with the AhR pathway and CYP1A1 expression: involvement in its protective effects against benzo[a]pyrene-induced oxidative stress in human skin. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2011 Oct;27(5):371-9. doi: 10.1007/s10565-011-9194-6. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
  3. Proteggente AR, Basu-Modak S, Kuhnle G, Gordon MJ, Youdim K, Tyrrell R, Rice-Evans CA. Hesperetin glucuronide, a photoprotective agent arising from flavonoid metabolism in human skin fibroblasts. Photochem Photobiol. 2003 Sep;78(3):256-61.
  4. A Gueniche, D Philippe, E Buyukpamukcu, P Bastien, R Bazin and I Castiel-Higounenc. The Natural Flavonoid Hesperidin Slows Down Skin Aging Features Following Oral Intake. Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2012) 132, S66–S69.
  5. Constans J, Bennetau-Pelissero C, Martin JF, Rock E, Mazur A, Bedel A, Morand C, Bérard AM. Marked antioxidant effect of orange juice intake and its phytomicronutrients in a preliminary randomized cross-over trial on mild hypercholesterolemic men. Clin Nutr. 2014 Dec 26. pii: S0261-5614(14)00314-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.12.016. [Epub ahead of print].
  6. Hanan A. Al-Ashaal & Shakinaz T. El-Sheltawy. Antioxidant capacity of hesperidin from Citrus peel using electron spin resonance and cytotoxic activity against human carcinoma cell lines. Pharmaceutical Biology Volume 49, Issue 3, 2011 276-282.
  7. Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr, Aziz Mahmoudzadeh, Amirhossein Ahmadi, Soheila Mohamadifar and Shahram Akhlaghpoor. Radioprotective effects of hesperidin against genotoxicity induced by γ-irradiation in human lymphocytes. Mutagenesis (2009) 24 (3): 233-235.

Other research:

  1. Ratnaparkhi A, Muthu SA, Shiriskar SM, Pissurlenkar RR, Choudhary S, Ahmad B. Effects of hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside interaction on the conformation, stability, and aggregation of lysozyme: multispectroscopic and molecular dynamic simulation studies? J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2014 Nov 5:1-14. [Epub ahead of print]
  2. Zanotti Simoes Dourado GK, de Abreu Ribeiro LC, Zeppone Carlos I, Borges César T. Orange juice and hesperidin promote differential innate immune response in macrophages ex vivo. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2013;83(3):162-7. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000157.
  3. Lou SN, Lin YS, Hsu YS, Chiu EM, Ho CT. Soluble and insoluble phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of immature calamondin affected by solvents and heat treatment. Food Chem. 2014 Oct 15;161:246-53. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.009. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
  4. Kim MY, Kim IJ, Im SJ, Kim JH, Heo JM, Song SY, Kim JH, Moon SH, Cho S. Polyphenols and antioxidant capacity of a spontaneous reddish mutant in Satsuma mandarin, Shinheungri. Nat Prod Res. 2014;28(22):2036-9. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2014.918123. Epub 2014 May 14.
  5. Rocco A, Fanali C, Dugo L, Mondello L. A nano-LC/UV method for the analysis of principal phenolic compounds in commercial citrus juices and evaluation of antioxidant potential. Electrophoresis. 2014 Jun;35(11):1701-8. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300621. Epub 2014 Mar 20.
  6. Zhang Y, Sun Y, Xi W, Shen Y, Qiao L, Zhong L, Ye X, Zhou Z. Phenolic compositions and antioxidant capacities of Chinese wild mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) fruits. Food Chem. 2014 Feb 15;145:674-80. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.012. Epub 2013 Aug 11.
  7. Elavarasan J, Velusamy P, Ganesan T, Ramakrishnan SK, Rajasekaran D, Periandavan K. Hesperidin-mediated expression of Nrf2 and upregulation of antioxidant status in senescent rat heart. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2012 Oct;64(10):1472-82. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01512.x. Epub 2012 May 9.
  8. Allaf T, Tomao V, Ruiz K, Chemat F. Instant controlled pressure drop technology and ultrasound assisted extraction for sequential extraction of essential oil and antioxidants. Ultrason Sonochem. 2013 Jan;20(1):239-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.05.013. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
  9. Álvarez R, Carvalho CP, Sierra J, Lara O, Cardona D, Londoño-Londoño J. Citrus juice extraction systems: effect on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of clementine juice. J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Jan 25;60(3):774-81. doi: 10.1021/jf203353h. Epub 2012 Jan 9.
  10. Selvaraj P, Pugalendi KV. Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in experimental myocardial ischemic rats. Redox Rep. 2010;15(5):217-23. doi: 10.1179/135100010X12826446921509.
  11. Arafa HM, Aly HA, Abd-Ellah MF, El-Refaey HM. Hesperidin attenuates benzo[alpha] pyrene-induced testicular toxicity in rats via regulation of oxidant/antioxidant balance. Toxicol Ind Health. 2009 Jul;25(6):417-27. doi: 10.1177/0748233709106624.
  12. Banji OJ, Banji D, Ch K. Curcumin and hesperidin improve cognition by suppressing mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis induced by D-galactose in rat brain. Food Chem Toxicol. 2014 Dec;74:51-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.08.020. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
  13. Wang DM, Li SQ, Zhu XY, Wang Y, Wu WL, Zhang XJ. Protective effects of hesperidin against amyloid-β (Aβ) induced neurotoxicity through the voltage dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1)-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in PC12 cells. Neurochem Res. 2013 May;38(5):1034-44. doi: 10.1007/s11064-013-1013-4. Epub 2013 Mar 9.
  14. Xiaoting L, Xiangyun Z, Shumei L, Minghua D, Liang X. Effect of hesperidin on expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cultured rabbit retinal pigment epithelial cells. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2010;664:193-201. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1399-9_22.
  15. Kim JY, Jung KJ, Choi JS, Chung HY. Hesperetin: a potent antioxidant against peroxynitrite. Free Radic Res. 2004 Jul;38(7):761-9.
  16. Ohara T, Muroyama K, Yamamoto Y, Murosaki S. A combination of glucosyl hesperidin and caffeine exhibits an anti-obesity effect by inhibition of hepatic lipogenesis in mice. Phytother Res. 2015 Feb;29(2):310-6. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5258. Epub 2014 Nov 20.
  17. Kalpana KB, Devipriya N, Srinivasan M, Vishwanathan P, Thayalan K, Menon VP. Evaluating the radioprotective effect of hesperidin in the liver of Swiss albino mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 May 11;658(2-3):206-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.02.031. Epub 2011 Mar 1.
  18. Jin S, Zhou B, Luo D. Hesperidin promotes cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer repair in UVB-exposed mice epidermis. Ir J Med Sci. 2011 Sep;180(3):709-14. doi: 10.1007/s11845-010-0503-5. Epub 2010 Jun 11.
  19. Kalpana KB, Srinivasan M, Menon VP. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of hesperidin and its protective effect on H2O2 induced oxidative damage on pBR322 DNA and RBC cellular membrane. Mol Cell Biochem. 2009 Mar;323(1-2):21-9. doi: 10.1007/s11010-008-9960-9. Epub 2008 Nov 28.
  20. Hosseinimehr SJ, Nemati A. Radioprotective effects of hesperidin against gamma irradiation in mouse bone marrow cells. Br J Radiol. 2006 May;79(941):415-8.
  21. Khan MH, Parvez S. Hesperidin ameliorates heavy metal induced toxicity mediated by oxidative stress in brain of Wistar rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2015 Jul;31:53-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.03.002. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
  22. Kaya K, Ciftci O, Cetin A, Doğan H, Başak N. Hesperidin protects testicular and spermatological damages induced by cisplatin in rats. Andrologia. 2014 Sep 13. doi: 10.1111/and.12332. [Epub ahead of print]
  23. Pérez-Vargas JE, Zarco N, Shibayama M, Segovia J, Tsutsumi V, Muriel P. Hesperidin prevents liver fibrosis in rats by decreasing the expression of nuclear factor-κB, transforming growth factor-β and connective tissue growth factor. Pharmacology. 2014;94(1-2):80-9. doi: 10.1159/000366206. Epub 2014 Sep 13.
  24. Kumar A, Lalitha S, Mishra J. Hesperidin potentiates the neuroprotective effects of diazepam and gabapentin against pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions in mice: Possible behavioral, biochemical and mitochondrial alterations. Indian J Pharmacol. 2014 May-Jun;46(3):309-15. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.132180.
  25. Wang J, Zhu H, Yang Z, Liu Z. Antioxidative effects of hesperetin against lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 2013 Jul-Aug;45(4):395-8. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.115015.
  26. Melchini A, Catania S, Stancanelli R, Tommasini S, Costa C. Interaction of a functionalized complex of the flavonoid hesperetin with the AhR pathway and CYP1A1 expression: involvement in its protective effects against benzo[a]pyrene-induced oxidative stress in human skin. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2011 Oct;27(5):371-9. doi: 10.1007/s10565-011-9194-6. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
  27. Petrova A, Davids LM, Rautenbach F, Marnewick JL. Photoprotection by honeybush extracts, hesperidin and mangiferin against UVB-induced skin damage in SKH-1 mice. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2011 May 3;103(2):126-39. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.02.020. Epub 2011 Mar 5.
  28. Proteggente AR, Basu-Modak S, Kuhnle G, Gordon MJ, Youdim K, Tyrrell R, Rice-Evans CA. Hesperetin glucuronide, a photoprotective agent arising from flavonoid metabolism in human skin fibroblasts. Photochem Photobiol. 2003 Sep;78(3):256-61.
  29. Godfraind T. Effect of a flavonoid preparation (S 5682) on experimental capillary permeability increase in rat paw and rabbit skin. Int Angiol. 1988 Apr-Jun;7(2 Suppl):17-9.
  30. Zanotti Simoes Dourado GK, de Abreu Ribeiro LC, Zeppone Carlos I, Borges César T. Orange juice and hesperidin promote differential innate immune response in macrophages ex vivo. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2013;83(3):162-7. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000157.
  31. Hwang SL, Shih PH, Yen GC. Neuroprotective effects of citrus flavonoids. J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Feb 1;60(4):877-85. doi: 10.1021/jf204452y. Epub 2012 Jan 23.

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